What to See at Bernheim in September

Solidago, commonly known as goldenrod, is a late-summer wildflower renowned for its striking yellow blooms that light up prairies and meadows with a fiery brilliance. Often mistakenly blamed for allergies, it’s actually ragweed, which blooms at the same time, that causes most of those seasonal sneezes. Goldenrod’s dense clusters of flowers provide crucial support for pollinators like bees and butterflies as they gear up for the colder months. This resilient plant thrives in a range of conditions, from open fields to garden beds, adding a bold splash of color wherever it grows. Interestingly, Native Americans once harnessed goldenrod’s purported medicinal properties, using it to treat wounds and respiratory ailments.

Asclepias syriaca, commonly known as common milkweed, presents a distinctive spectacle in late summer and early fall with its pods full of silky seeds that scatter on the wind like nature’s confetti. These pods are vital for the monarch butterfly lifecycle, providing essential nourishment for their caterpillars. Historically, during World War II, milkweed fluff was utilized as a kapok substitute in life jackets, proving its worth as a buoyant and practical material. Common milkweed flourishes in open, sunny areas and can often be found in wildflower gardens, contributing both beauty and ecological value to its surroundings.

Conoclinium coelestinum, commonly known as mist flower, is a captivating late-summer bloomer with clusters of soft, lavender-blue flowers that seem to hover like a delicate mist over meadows and woodland edges. This wildflower thrives in moist soils and shaded areas, forming dense colonies that add a cool, ethereal beauty to the landscape. Mist flower is highly attractive to bees, butterflies, and other pollinators, making it a valuable plant for supporting biodiversity. Historically, its resemblance to ageratum has earned it the nickname “wild ageratum,” though it is much more resilient and adaptable to natural settings.

Cornus species, which produce dogwood berries, splash the landscape with their vibrant red fruit in late summer and early fall. These small, bright berries are a critical food source for many migratory birds, including robins and bluebirds. While dogwood berries are toxic to humans in large quantities, they have been a staple in traditional medicine for centuries, believed to alleviate digestive issues and fevers. Dogwoods typically grow in moist, well-drained soils and are admired for their striking appearance and ecological benefits.

Lobelia siphilitica, known as great blue lobelia, is a striking late-summer wildflower that towers with its tall spikes of vibrant blue blossoms. Found in wetlands, meadows, and along streams, it draws hummingbirds and bees, playing a vital role in supporting pollinators. The species name siphilitica derives from a historical belief in its use as a treatment for syphilis, a notion now debunked but reflective of its past medicinal significance. Great blue lobelia prefers moist, shaded environments and makes a dramatic statement in any garden setting.

Coreopsis, often called tickseed, is a cheerful wildflower that brightens meadows and gardens with its daisy-like yellow blooms. Blooming from late summer into fall, it is a favorite among bees and butterflies. This hardy plant is not just visually appealing; it was also used by some Native American tribes to create natural dyes for fabrics, yielding vibrant red or yellow hues depending on the variety. Coreopsis thrives in sunny, well-drained soils and is a vibrant addition to any garden, providing color and ecological benefits.